5.Resoureces

              The plants are used for various ways. I search how to use the plants as a resource. For example, they are used for medicine, food, and fuel. I am especially interested in fuel, so I searched fuel as the main point.

the cycle of bio fuels 

              The fuels that are called “bio fuels” are produced by plants. The materials of them are, for instance, corn, bamboo, sugarcane and so on. The bio fuels are divided into two types. First type is called bio ethanol. This is mixed in gasoline, and used in various places today. Second type is bio diesel fuels. This is used almost only them and utilized in a city bus etc now.

The merits of “bio fuels” are it thought that it is not increase CO2 to burn them because their materials are plants, so they can do photosynthesis which they absorb CO2 in atmosphere and emit O2 to atmosphere. Frankly speaking, “bio fuels” are recyclable energy. The reason of above, a lot of nations are researching bio fuels and going ahead to introduce using them.

The demerits of “bio fuels” are that when we make them we have to use so many plants that parts are food. For example, the corn is eaten by pig and human beings and so on. So, the price of that part of foods will rise. Especially, in Japan, that is very big problem because grain is a little to provide ourselves. As a result, in the latter of 2007, Japanese economy was influenced by increasing import grain’s price. So, to use grain, when we make foods, became a little hard. We should not use the grain that can eat, and we should use the grain that cannot eat. Also “bio fuels” cost more money than gasoline now. So, researchers have to study cost cut ways.

There is worrying point. I explained the merits of the cycle of CO2 and O2. Some researcher said that this is uncertain.

Recently, the waterweed is much remarkable resource of “bio fuels”. This way cost less money than ordinary ways. It needs to make a lot of waterweed under bad environment that there are other bacteria. This is main problem. Now, venture business succeeded in stable to make the waterweed. So, we expect that this will lead mass produce the waterweed.

making waterweed

Finally, I think “bio fuels” need to our future because it is said that oils will dry up in the future. I expect to researchers will find out and make very good ways.

Quotation:http://www.stemiltmanagement.com/

http://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASDD140PP_U3A111C1TJ1000/

4.Biogeography

Biogeography is to research various plant of geographical distribution in all over the world. It is divided into about three parts. The first part is eco geography. It is mainly taking up distribution of plants, relation to climates, classified by environment and so on. The second part is ecozone of plants. It is to research biogeographical region of plants about have been formed. The third part is historical biogeography. It is to research about what kind of influence is from an ecological condition to the distribution of plants nowadays. So, researchers studying about this need knowledge about history, biology and geography. Recently, histrorical biology is most mainly researched about biogeography research.

I’ll explain about biogeography of the world. Biogeographical regions are the divisions of the world according to the characteristic flora. The distribution of plants depends on two main factors that are ecological and geographical. The former is their adaptability to the environment and the latter is the geographical barriers limiting their distribution. However, when handling larger classification units, distribution areas common to all species belonging to the unit are recognized and division into regions becomes possible.

Floristic Region

In Japan, nowadays, flora is constituted by about 5500 species. Furthermore, there are about 250 thousands species all over the world. Japanese floras have a rich variety than nearly latitude area of the world. Past climate change effect to changing the areas of flora all over the world. Consequently, they come down the present condition.

Important Plants Community

Both the natural and cultural scenery of Japan are very variable and the two harmonize beautifully. Important scenic areas have been designated as national and quasi-national parks, and their conservation and utilization have been promoted. There are also other legal institutions to conserve nature such as natural monuments and reserve forests which also have long histories. However, as a result of the increased economic activities of recent years, disorderly and unprincipled alteration of the natural environment has occurred. For the purpose of systematic conservation and preservation of the natural environment, and endeavors to carry out nature conservation were reinforced.

Nature Conservation Areas

Finally, I think studying biogeography need a lot of knowledge about climate, history, and plant. The Japanese Archipelago is long in vertical, so floras are a lot of varieties. A lot of Plants are living as the product that is the interaction of history between a living thing and environment. Researchers should continuously study because biogeography will be changed constantly to the future.

Quotation: http://www.biodic.go.jp/reports/2-2/aa010.html

http://www.biodic.go.jp/reports/3-4/c013.html